An overview of Hospital Acquired Condition Prevention

Each hospital must have infection control measures, and policies and the staff should take every possible precaution to avoid the infection disease. Though the risk of infection will never eliminate completely and some peoples have a high risk of acquiring an infection than others. HAC is an abbreviation for Hospital Acquired Condition, is an adverse condition that affects a patient and that arise during a stay in a hospital.

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What is Hospital Acquired Infection Prevention?

Infection is a common disease caused by some microorganism like a virus, bacteria or parasites, and fungal pathogens, mostly these organisms includes germs & bugs. Bacteria and virus are the most common cause of HAI.  Nosocomial infection is the other name for HAI. It usually occurs within 2 to 3 days after admission to hospital and happens at a cost to the group of people and the patient because they cause: illness to the patient, a longer stay in the hospital, and a longer recovery time.

This infection can be treated with antibiotics and respond well. Irregularly, this can be severe and life threatening. Various bacteria are very hard to treat because they are resistant to standard antibiotics, and these bacteria called super- bugs. Some of these bacteria are- Staphylococcus aureus often called golden staph or (MRSA), Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).

The most common types are:

•    Bloodstream infection (BSI)

•    Pneumonia- ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)

•    Urinary tract infection (UTI),

•    Surgical site infection (SSI)

•    Wound infection

Steps that should be taken for Hospital Acquired Infection Reduction is:

    Improve awareness of medical staff including administration and other hospital personnel about nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance.

    Observe trends: Frequency and distribution of nosocomial infections and when possible, risk-adjusted incidence for Intra & interhospital comparisons.

    Identify the requirement for new or intensify prevention programs and calculate the impact of prevention measures.

    Strict hospital infection control procedures and policies

    Proper and frequent hygiene standards by all hospital staff and patients

    Cautious use of antibiotic medication.

    Recognize possible areas needs for upgrading in patient care and additional epidemiological studies such as; risk factor analysis.

    Enhancement in health care with increased quality and safety.

    Need for active surveillance to supervise changing infectious risks and also identify requirements for changes in control measures.

Apart from these strategies patients and their family are encouraged to become energetic participants in various Hospital Acquired Condition Prevention initiatives. This infection is very dangerous for the people more than 70 years; they can start with small steps in preventing infections:

• Wash your hands regularly.
• Insist that your health care provider wash his/her hands.
• Make inquiries about the cleanliness of equipment and the use of sterilized bundles.